Cărți de Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809. He had previously served as the second vice president of the United States under John Adams and as the first United States Secretary of State under George Washington. The principal author of the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson was a proponent of democracy, republicanism, and individual rights, motivating American colonists to break from the Kingdom of Great Britain and form a new nation; he produced formative documents and decisions at both the state and national levels.
During the American Revolution, Jefferson represented Virginia in the Continental Congress that adopted the Declaration of Independence. As a Virginia legislator, he drafted a state law for religious freedom. He served as the second Governor of Virginia from 1779 to 1781, during the American Revolutionary War. In 1785, Jefferson was appointed the United States Minister to France, and subsequently, the nation's first Secretary of State under President George Washington from 1790 to 1793. Jefferson and James Madison organized the Democratic-Republican Party to oppose the Federalist Party during the formation of the First Party System. With Madison, he anonymously wrote the provocative Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions in 1798 and 1799, which sought to strengthen states' rights by nullifying the federal Alien and Sedition Acts.
Jefferson was a longtime friend of John Adams, both serving in the Continental Congress and drafting the Declaration of Independence together. However, Jefferson's status as a Democratic-Republican would end up making Adams, a Federalist, his political rival. In the 1796 presidential election between Jefferson and Adams, Jefferson came second, which according to electoral procedure at the time, unintentionally elected him as vice president to Adams. Jefferson would later go on to challenge Adams again in 1800 and win the presidency. After concluding his presidency, Jefferson would eventually reconcile with Adams and shared a correspondence that lasted fourteen years.
As president, Jefferson pursued the nation's shipping and trade interests against Barbary pirates and aggressive British trade policies. Starting in 1803, Jefferson promoted a western expansionist policy, organizing the Louisiana Purchase which doubled the nation's claimed land area. To make room for settlement, Jefferson began the violent process of Indian tribal removal from the newly acquired territory. As a result of peace negotiations with France, his administration reduced military forces. Jefferson was re-elected in 1804. His second term was beset with difficulties at home, including the trial of former vice president Aaron Burr. In 1807, American foreign trade was diminished when Jefferson implemented the Embargo Act in response to British threats to U.S. shipping. The same year, Jefferson signed the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves.
Jefferson (while primarily a plantation owner, lawyer, and politician) mastered many disciplines, which ranged from surveying and mathematics to horticulture and mechanics. He was an architect in the classical tradition. Jefferson's keen interest in religion and philosophy led to his presidency of the American Philosophical Society; he shunned organized religion but was influenced by Christianity, Epicureanism, and deism. A philologist, Jefferson knew several languages. He was a prolific letter writer and corresponded with many prominent people, including Edward Carrington, John Taylor of Caroline and James Madison. Among his books is Notes on the State of Virginia (1785), considered perhaps the most important American book published before 1800. Jefferson championed the ideals, values, and teachings of the Enlightenment.
During his lifetime, Jefferson owned over 600 slaves, who were kept in his household and on his plantations. Since Jefferson's time, controversy has revolved around his relationship with Sally Hemings, a mixed-race enslaved woman, and his late wife's half-sister. According to DNA evidence from surviving descendants and oral history, Jefferson fathered at least six children with Hemings, including four that survived to adulthood. Evidence suggests that Jefferson started the relationship with Hemings when they were in Paris, where she arrived at the age of 14 when Jefferson was 44. By the time she returned to the United States at 16, she was pregnant.
After retiring from public office, Jefferson founded the University of Virginia. Jefferson and John Adams both died on July 4, 1826, the 50th anniversary of U.S. independence. Presidential scholars and historians generally praise Jefferson's public achievements, including his advocacy of religious freedom and tolerance in Virginia. Jefferson ranks highly among the U.S. presidents, usually in the top five.
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 48 – 20 November 1805 to 1 March 1806
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series, Volume 20 – 1 July 1823 to 31 March 1824
The Constitution of the United States (U.S. Heritage)
The Autobiography of Thomas Jefferson (U.S. Heritage)
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 47 – 6 July to 19 November 1805
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 46 – 9 March to 5 July 1805
Notes on the State of Virginia
Die Jefferson-Bibel
The Constitution of the United States of America, the Bill of Rights & All Amendments, the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation,
Foundations of Freedom
The Constitution of the United States of America, with the Bill of Rights and All of the Amendments; The Declaration of Independence; And the Articles
The Cloud of Unknowing & the Jefferson Bible: Contrasting and Complementary Ways to Know God
Jefferson: Political Writings
A summary view of the rights of British America.
Autobiography of Thomas Jefferson
Bulletin of the Bureau of Rolls and Library of the Department of State No. 10 June 1903.
Jefferson`s Memorandum Books, Volume 1 – Accounts, with Legal Records and Miscellany, 1767–1826
The writings of Thomas Jefferson
The Jefferson Bible
The Jeffersonian cyclopedia
The Works of Thomas Jefferson
Letters by Washington, Adams, Jefferson, and Others, Written During and After the Revolution, to John Langdon, New Hampshire
The Virginia Report of 1799-1800, Touching the Alien and Sedition Laws; Together with the Virginia Resolutions of December 21, 1798, the Debate and Proceedings Thereon in the House of Delegates of Virginia, and Several Other Documents Illustrative of the
The Complete Anas of Thomas Jefferson
Documents Relating to the Purchase & Exploration of Louisiana. I. the Limits and Bounds of Louisiana
The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth: Extracted Textually from the Gospels, Together with a Comparison of His Doctrines with Those of Others
Jefferson Bible & The Complete Sayings of Jesus Christ
Declaration of Independence
State of the Union Addresses of Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson Political Musings or Anas (1791-1809)
The Jefferson Bible - The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth
State of the Union Address
The Memoirs, Correspondence, and Miscellanies, from the Papers of Thomas Jefferson a Linked Index to the Project Gutenberg Editions: Or, the Name of Jesus a Sunday Book for the Young
The Writings of Thomas Jefferson Library Edition - Vol. 6 (of 20)
The Writings of Thomas Jefferson; Volume 8
The Jefferson Bible What Thomas Jefferson Selected as the Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson: A Collection of Selected Writings, Memoirs and Letters
The Declaration of Independence and the Us Constitution with Bill of Rights & Amendments Plus the Articles of Confederation
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. I (in 12 Volumes)
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. II (in 12 Volumes)
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. III (in 12 Volumes)
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. IV (in 12 Volumes)
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. V (in 12 Volumes)
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. VI (in 12 Volumes)
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. VII (in 12 Volumes)
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. VIII (in 12 Volumes)
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. IX (in 12 Volumes)
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. X (in 12 Volumes)
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. XI (in 12 Volumes)
The Works of Thomas Jefferson, Vol. XII (in 12 Volumes)
Thomas Jefferson's Library
Jefferson Bible, or the Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth
Manuel Du Droit Parlementaire
The Writings Of Thomas Jefferson V1
Jefferson's Germantown Letters (1906)
The Life And Writings Of Thomas Jefferson (1900)
The Writings Of Thomas Jefferson V4
The Writings Of Thomas Jefferson V5
The Writings Of Thomas Jefferson V7
The Writings Of Thomas Jefferson V9
The Writings Of Thomas Jefferson V6
Thomas Jefferson: In His Own Words
The American Political Classics
The Life And Letters Of Thomas Jefferson
The Jefferson Bible, the Life and Morals of Jesus: Laws
Jefferson Bible & the Complete Sayings of Jesus Christ: Volume IV of Charlotte Mason's Original Homeschooling Series
Foundations of Freedom
Autobiography of Thomas Jefferson & the Jefferson Bible: The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth
Calendar Of The Correspondence Of Thomas Jefferson
Documents Relating To The Purchase And Exploration Of Louisiana
A Manual of Parliamentary Practice
The Writings Of Thomas Jefferson V16
The Writings Of Thomas Jefferson V11
The Writings Of Thomas Jefferson V3
The Writings Of Thomas Jefferson V15
The Declaration of Independence, the Constitution of the United States of America with Amendments, and Other Important American Documents
Jefferson on Jefferson
Selected Letters of Thomas Jefferson
The Jefferson Bible
The Selected Writings of Thomas Jefferson – A Norton Critical Edition
Light and Liberty
Quotations of Thomas Jefferson
Declaration of Independence
The Portable Thomas Jefferson
The Constitution of the United States, Bill of Rights, Declaration of Independence, and Articles of Confederation
JOIN, or DIE. - An American Patriot's Book of Quotes
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 45 – 11 November 1804 to 8 March 1805
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Serie – 1 March 1821 to 30 November 1821
Monument: Words of Four Presidents Who Sculpted America
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 44 – 1 July to 10 November 1804
Jefferson`s Legal Commonplace Book
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson – Retirement Series – 1 September 1819 to 31 May 1820
The Constitution of the United States of America, with the Bill of Rights and All of the Amendments; The Declaration of Independence; And the Articles
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Volume 42 – 16 November 1803 to 10 March 1804
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson: Retirement Serie – 1 September 1817 to 21 April 1818
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