Healing Afghanistan _ Improving Human Rights, Gender Mainstreaming and Political Stability in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Autor Dr Mark O'Dohertyen Limba Engleză Paperback
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9781387553181
ISBN-10: 1387553186
Pagini: 160
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 9 mm
Greutate: 0.25 kg
ISBN-10: 1387553186
Pagini: 160
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 9 mm
Greutate: 0.25 kg
Notă biografică
Sources:
https://www.africanews.com/2023/08/17/over-60-dead-in-migrant-boat-sinking-off-cape-verde-coast/
https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2017/7/22/saving-senegals-sons-from-vanishing-in-european-seas
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/4/11/iom-african-migrants-traded-in-libyas-slave-markets
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/jun/19/people-smugglers-migrant-boat-disaster-greece
https://www.theguardian.com/world/refugees
https://edition.cnn.com/specials/cnn-crews-migrant-crisis
https://www.theguardian.com/world/africa
https://www.africanews.com/2022/10/20/malawi-finds-mass-grave-of-suspected-ethiopian-migrants/
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/01/ethiopians-found-in-malawi-mass-grave-thought-to-have-suffocated
There are increasing reports of abductions of those being transported, who are only freed after families pay substantial ransoms to traffickers.
Families often paid money in advance to major smugglers in Ethiopia. Other less significant actors often make further cash by exploiting Ethiopian migrants and refugees on the way.
"It becomes a relay, with the migrants taken from one to another agent and each charging their own money. They hijack them and demand ransom money."
Abductions often occur immediately after people have been smuggled across the border from Zimbabwe into South Africa - after weeks of traveling from east Africa.
"The kidnappers wait for them and then hide them and send to their relatives asking for more money ... It is big business. Even police and immigration officials are [involved]"
The IOM report found that close to 51,000 Ethiopian migrants had gone missing since 2016. 4,265 deaths and 1,707 disappearances were recorded along the route to South Africa.
An overwhelming number of migrants said they had experienced a severe lack of food, water or shelter on their journey, the IOM researchers found. Most had suffered abuse, violence, assault or torture, while one in four had been asked to find additional money for bribes, despite already paying an average of US$5,000 for the journey.
Hence African law enforcement agencies - together with the assistance of the International Intelligence Community - must bring the perpetrators of these severe crimes to Justice.
Furthermore, the International Community must provide greater assistance to disadvantaged communities who are challenged with socioeconomic deprivation - so that abductions, kidnapping and murder through forced migration can be stopped.